A review: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is common, non-traumatic disability disease which affects young peoples. The incidence of multiple sclerosis is increasing worldwide with socioeconomic impact of the disease. Multiple sclerosis affect about more than 2 million people and currently it is incurable. The ratio of effect of MS in women and men is 2:1 respectively. Approx 250, 000- to 350,000 people are diagnosed with MS in the USA and about 10,000 new cases diagnosed each year. The epidemiology of Multiple sclerosis indicates that low serum levels of vitamin D, smoking, obesity and infection etc. are likely to play a role in disease development. In case of treatment of MS, it is divided three phases include: symptomatic, acute attack and disease modifying methods. In case of symptomatic around helping to maintain a patient’s quality of life. Treatment of acute attack is centered on the treatment of exacerbations that affects a patient’s functional ability. In disease modifying treatment focuses on the long term management of the disease with the goal to reduce relapse rates, lessen severity and to slow the progression of disability.