Mathematical Model and Analysis of Multipath Fading

Multipath effect is an important factor that affects capability of TTC system at low elevation angles.The principle of multipath effect and the mathematical model of multipath fading are introduced in this paper.While electromagnetic wave travels between transmitting and receiving antennas,it has one direct path and several reflective paths.It will produce multipath fading when reflective signal counterbalances direct signal.Based on the mathematical model,the conditions in which the multipath fading appears and the influences of multipath fading on TTC system are analyzed in this paper.The position where multipath fading appears depends on the altitudes of the both antennas and the distance between them.The intensity of multipath fading depends on the reflectance of surface.Some methods are summarized to avoid and overcome multipath fading.