Gelatin/Oxidized Konjac Glucomannan Composite Hydrogels with High Resistance to Large Deformation for Tissue Engineering Applications

In this study, gelatin hydrogels with remarkable compressive properties and recoverability were prepared via Shiff's base chemical cross-linking between gelatin and oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKG). The process of OKG was first optimized by adjusting parameters, that is, oxidation temperature and time during processing. Various percentages of obtained OKG (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt % to gelatin) were introduced to make composite hydrogels (G-OKGs). These G-OKGs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, swelling ratio, and mechanical tests. In comparison with pure gelatin hydrogels, the G-OKGs exhibit significantly increased stress and modulus, and favorable recoverability after cyclic large deformation (up to 85% of the original height). Additionally, G-OKGs with uniform porous structures are biocompatible to support the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In conclusion, this study provides a reference for developing mechanically stable and recoverable hydrogels, and these kinds of hydrogels show potential capacity in tissue engineering and biomedical applications that may be undergoing extra forces and large deformation.