Recent Progress in Heteroatoms Doped Carbon Materials as a Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Developing catalytic materials for oxygen reduction reactions(ORR) with high performance and low cost has been one of the major challenges for large-scale applications of fuel cells. In this review,we summarize the recent progress in the heteroatoms doped carbon materials as a catalyst for the catalysis of ORR, with an emphasis on the universal origin of their catalytic mechanisms. The future prospects of the metal-free catalyst were to find precisely controlled doping methods, to explore the role of heteroatoms in the catalysis, and to generate more active catalysts with suitable nanostructure.