The role of serum α-Klotho levels in preventing hearing impairment among middle-aged and older adults: insights from a nationally representative sample

Background The Klotho gene is implicated in suppressing aging phenotypes and influencing age-related diseases. Previous studies have delved into its connection with different diseases, yet the association between Klotho and hearing loss has rarely been examined. A recent population study explored the relationship between serum Klotho and hearing loss, but it had certain limitations. This study aims to analyze the link between serum α-Klotho levels and hearing thresholds, as well as the risk of hearing loss. Methods A total of 1,762 adults aged 40–69 years were selected from the 2011–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Data on audiometry, serum α-Klotho levels, and relevant covariates were gathered. Statistical analyses, including linear and logistic regression, assessed the relationships of serum α-Klotho levels with hearing outcomes. Results Increased serum α-Klotho levels were correlated with diminished hearing thresholds and a lower risk of hearing loss. Quartile analysis revealed a significant trend, where elevated α-Klotho levels were linked to better auditory outcomes. Adjusted models controlled for various covariates, affirming the robustness of the findings. Non-linear associations were not observed. Conclusion This study provided novel evidence of a negative association between serum α-Klotho and hearing impairment in adults aged 40–69. Our results suggested a protective role of serum α-Klotho on adults with hearing loss.