Three-Dimensional Tension Reconstruction of Periauricular Muscles Combined With Transfer of Retroauricular Fascia Flap For the Repair of Congenital Cryptotia

Background: Congenital cryptotia, a common ear deformity in Asia, significantly affects both the shape and function of the auricle. Various surgical methods currently exist for cryptotia correction. This article presents a technique involving the reconstruction of 3-dimensional muscle tension of the auricle combined with the transfer of the retroauricular fascia flap, yielding stable and satisfactory outcomes. Materials and Method: This study included 32 patients with congenital cryptotia who underwent surgery between January 2023 and June 2024. The correction was achieved through a combination of 3-dimensional muscle tension reconstruction around the ear and retroauricular fascia flap transfer. Postoperatively, the morphology and symmetry of the patients’ auricles were evaluated, and follow-up assessments were conducted to gauge satisfaction and monitor complications. Results: Postoperative evaluations indicated that all patients’ deformities were effectively corrected, with a significant improvement in aesthetic scores compared with preoperative levels. The average follow-up period was 11±3.96 months. Of the patients, 30 (93.75%) were highly satisfied, 2 (6.25%) were satisfied, and none were dissatisfied. One patient (3.33%) experienced wound infection and delayed healing in the early postoperative period, which improved after dressing changes. Conclusions: The surgical method of reconstructing 3-dimensional muscle tension of the ear combined with the transfer of the retroauricular fascia flap has proven to be a reliable option for the treatment of cryptotia. This method is straightforward to perform, achieves satisfactory repair outcomes, and has a low incidence of complications and recurrence.