富马酸还原酶
生物化学
电子传输链
生物
无氧呼吸
化学
细胞呼吸
氧化还原
新陈代谢
酶
细菌
线粒体
琥珀酸脱氢酶
遗传学
有机化学
作者
Christopher Schubert,Gottfried Unden
出处
期刊:Advances in Microbial Physiology
日期:2023-01-01
卷期号:: 267-299
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.002
摘要
C4-dicarboxylates (C4-DCs) such as fumarate, l-malate and l-aspartate are key substrates for Enterobacteria such as Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium during anaerobic growth. In general, C4-DCs are oxidants during biosynthesis, e.g., of pyrimidine or heme, acceptors for redox balancing, a high-quality nitrogen source (l-aspartate) and electron acceptor for fumarate respiration. Fumarate reduction is required for efficient colonization of the murine intestine, even though the colon contains only small amounts of C4-DCs. However, fumarate can be produced endogenously by central metabolism, allowing autonomous production of an electron acceptor for biosynthesis and redox balancing. Bacteria possess a complex set of transporters for the uptake (DctA), antiport (DcuA, DcuB, TtdT) and excretion (DcuC) of C4-DCs. DctA and DcuB exert regulatory functions and link transport to metabolic control through interaction with regulatory proteins. The sensor kinase DcuS of the C4-DC two-component system DcuS-DcuR forms complexes with DctA (aerobic) or DcuB (anaerobic), representing the functional state of the sensor. Moreover, EIIAGlc from the glucose phospho-transferase system binds to DctA and presumably inhibits C4-DC uptake. Overall, the function of fumarate as an oxidant in biosynthesis and redox balancing explains the pivotal role of fumarate reductase for intestinal colonization, while the role of fumarate in energy conservation (fumarate respiration) is of minor importance.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI