Adjunctive drugs can be broadly described as drugs that fall outside common clinical use but may provide a benefit beyond that of more commonly used drugs or are less readily characterized because they play a supportive role in the provision of anesthesia and analgesia. Some of the drugs described in this chapter may enter the mainstream as evidence supporting their use grows, while others may remain unconventional, restricted to second- or third-line therapy, or fall out of use as alternatives are identified or emerging evidence fails to support their use. This chapter is divided into non-analgesic and analgesic adjuncts.