Efficient photoreforming of biomass derived 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and simultaneous green hydrogen production by defective graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysts

Engineered g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets with 3 wt% Pt enable selective, stable conversion of biomass-derived HMF into valuable DFF and FFCA, with H 2 co-production at 75.52 ± 0.46 µmol g cat −1 h −1 sustained for 10 days.