The Impact of Economic Status and Electoral Participation on Residents’ Social Insurance Participation Behavior: An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS Data

The social security of residents concerns the harmony and stability of a society and is of great significance in promoting urban–rural economic development. Based on data from the 2018–2023 China General Social Survey (CGSS), this study employs an Ordered Probit regression model to examine the impact of economic status and electoral participation on residents’ social insurance participation behavior, covering both basic social security and commercial social security. The findings reveal that: (1) Economic status and electoral participation significantly and positively affect residents’ social insurance participation behavior. (2) Economic status has a significant negative effect on electoral participation. (3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that economic status significantly and positively influences residents’ social insurance participation behavior in both the agricultural and non-agricultural household registration groups, but the marginal contribution of economic status to social security participation is more prominent in the non-agricultural household registration group. Meanwhile, the facilitating effect of improved economic status on social security participation is stronger for women than for men. (4) Residents who own a vehicle, have higher household income, are older, and are married tend to have a stronger ability to participate in social security.