Synthesis of Readily Soluble Tetraazaviolanthrone and -isoviolanthrone fluorescent dyes

Readily soluble, photostable and highly red fluorescent dyes (3–5) have been obtained from a condensation of perylenetetracarboxylic bisanhydride with primary aliphatic 1,3-diamines containing two geminal long-chain alkyl groups. Analogous red fluorescing dyes have been prepared by the condensation of a corresponding perylene anhydride imide.