Lower extremity nerve trauma.

Peripheral nerve injuries of the lower extremity (LE) are frequently encountered in orthopaedic practice. They can be traumatic or iatrogenic. Proper and timely diagnosis and treatment are the keys to optimizing outcomes. This paper reviews and discusses the basic anatomy and physiology of nerve injury and the current literature on the incidence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, management and outcomes of sciatic, femoral, peroneal, and tibial nerve injuries. The purpose of this review is to suggest a protocol for evaluation and management of LE nerve injuries.