Pneumonia in the Immunocompromised Host

Pneumonia in the immunocompromised host can be devastating and can result from both common and opportunistic organisms. This paper examines the imaging findings in mostly opportunistic organisms which cause pneumonia in the immunocompromised host. Some organisms, such as tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and influenza will also be discussed because although they are not specifically opportunistic, they can result in extensive and devastating disease in immunocompromised patients. It is important for the radiologist to recognize unique imaging findings in pneumonia in the immunocompromised patient and raise the possibility of certain organisms to direct appropriate therapy.