生物累积
氧化应激
氨
环境化学
神经毒性
化学
毒性
污染物
氮气
生物化学
有机化学
作者
Zhenkun Xu,Jie Cao,Xiaoming Qin,Weiqiang Qiu,Jun Mei,Jing Xie
出处
期刊:Animals
[MDPI AG]
日期:2021-11-19
卷期号:11 (11): 3304-3304
被引量:57
摘要
Ammonia nitrogen is the major oxygen-consuming pollutant in aquatic environments. Exposure to ammonia nitrogen in the aquatic environment can lead to bioaccumulation in fish, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is the main determinant of accumulation. In most aquatic environments, fish are at the top of the food chain and are most vulnerable to the toxic effects of high levels of ammonia nitrogen exposure. In fish exposed to toxicants, ammonia-induced toxicity is mainly caused by bioaccumulation in certain tissues. Ammonia nitrogen absorbed in the fish enters the circulatory system and affects hematological properties. Ammonia nitrogen also breaks balance in antioxidant capacity and causes oxidative damage. In addition, ammonia nitrogen affects the immune response and causes neurotoxicity because of the physical and chemical toxicity. Thence, the purpose of this review was to investigate various toxic effects of ammonia nitrogen, including oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and immune response.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI