Sample Size Estimation: Ten Frequently Unanswered Questions

Sample size estimation is a critical component in designing rigorous clinical research, ensuring that studies are adequately powered to detect meaningful effects. Despite extensive literature on the topic and the availability of online resources for sample size calculation, researchers may still find the process challenging. This article addresses practical questions that radiology researchers frequently encounter, with the aim of improving awareness among both researchers and journal readers of the study design elements affecting proper sample size estimation.