Marinivivus vitaminiproducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a vitamin B12-producing bacterium isolated from the coral Fungia sp. in South China Sea

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and short rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain SCSIO 64248 T , was isolated from the stony coral Fungia sp. collected from South China Sea. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain SCSIO 64248 T belonged to the family Geminicoccaceae and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene similarities with the types of Marinimicrococcus flavescens (90.5%), Arboricoccus pini (90.2%) and Benzoalithermus flavus (89.8%). The whole genome of strain SCSIO 64248 T was 4.9 Mbp with a 68.8mol% G+C content. It shared average amino acid identity (AAI) values of 52–56.2%, which is below the proposed AAI threshold at the genus level and when compared to the known species of Geminicoccaceae . Colonies of strain SCSIO 64248 T are circular, pink and convex. It was able to grow in the range of 4–37 °C, at pH 6.0–10.0 and in the presence of up to 8.0% (w/v) NaCl concentration. The major cellular fatty acid (>9%) was summed feature 8, C 19 : 0 cyclo ω 8 c and C 16 : 0 , and the sole respiratory quinone was Q-10. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and an unidentified phospholipid. Data of polyphasic characteristics revealed that strain SCSIO 64248 T represented a novel species of a new genus within the family Geminicoccaceae , for which the name Marinivivus gen. nov. is proposed with the type strain of the type species Marinivivus vitaminiproducens SCSIO 64248 T (=MCCC 1K08013 T =KCTC 92503 T ).