Vectorial Slip‐Touch Perception Enabled by Sliding‐Gated Charge Carrier Dynamics

ABSTRACT High‐dimensional tactile perception is essential for dexterous robotic manipulation, but is severely constrained by the hardware‐stacking of pixelated arrays or the computational latency of inverse‐problem algorithms. To overcome these bottlenecks, we report a monolithic, array‐free robotic skin (SG‐skin) driven by sliding‐gated carrier dynamics, achieving high‐fidelity, vectorial slip‐touch perception. Specifically, leveraging a localized triboelectric field acting as a moving gate, the SG‐skin triggers reversible microscopic p ‐to‐ n inversion and directional carrier transport within a continuous semiconductor film, deterministically translating macroscopic mechanical stimuli into vectorial electrical signatures. Supported by an analytical model that validates in‐sensor signal decoupling, a minimalist four‐electrode design augmented by a computationally lightweight machine learning framework concurrently resolves sliding speed, omnidirectional trajectory (1° precision), material type, and touch localization. Ultimately, our SG‐skin maps complex tactile stimuli into deterministic commands, enabling agile human‐machine interaction and advanced closed‐loop robotic control. By breaking the longstanding dependency on complex sensor arrays or resource‐intensive computations, this sliding‐gated strategy translates microscale charge carrier dynamics into macroscopic intelligent perception, providing a scalable and robust material foundation for next‐generation embodied intelligence.