Design and Implementation of an Active Noise Control Headphone With Directional Hear-Through Capability

This article presents the design and implementation of an active noise control (ANC) headphone system with a directional hear-through capability and compares the performance of this system to that of a standard hear-through headphone system. The directional hear-through ANC headphones are a novel integration of microphone array beamforming and ANC technologies into a pair of headphones, which provide the consumer with additional functionality and new, digitally augmented ways to interact with their acoustic environment. As the microphone array is necessarily compact, superdirective beamforming is utilised to increase its low and mid frequency directional performance. In this unique integration of two current consumer technologies, first, the ANC subsystem attempts to maximise the attenuation and then the beamformer output is added to the control signal and reproduced by the headphones' loudspeakers, with the appropriate compensation to avoid self-cancellation. The experimental study demonstrates that the proposed spatially selective ANC headphones provide a hear-through capability in the look direction, whilst reducing ambient noise and enabling the wearer to experience reduced noise communication in a noisy environment. The proposed system thus offers the consumer the potential for an electronically enhanced acoustic experience, allowing a selective reduction in environmental noise whilst desired exterior noise remains audible.