Integrated Pest Management Of Field Crops

Insect pests, diseases, nematodes and weeds constitute major biotic stresses in crop production systems inflicting 15 to 25% or more yield losses. Adverse effects of pesticides can be countered through adoption of integrated pest management (IPM), which emphasizes harmonious use of safer and environment friendly methods of pest suppression. IPM works on the premise that all pest population levels are not injurious to crops. It is a knowledge intensive decision based activity and requires tools and techniques for its execution. IPM algorithm involves crop loss assessment, pest risk analysis, development of pest surveillance and forewarning methodology and decision support tools for harmonious integration of management tactics within the framework of Integrated Crop Management system. IPM modules for various field crops are based upon integration of resistant cultivars, cultural, mechanical and physical methods, natural enemies, biopesticides and pesticides to suppress pest population without jeopardizing the environment. Various organizations addressing the issue of plant health management need to converge in a mission mode to disseminate IPM throughout the country. This review covers the latest developments in these areas of IPM with main reference to India.