Lignin-based composites with enhanced mechanical properties by acetone fractionation and epoxidation modification

Epoxy resin is widely used in various fields of the national economy due to its excellent chemical and mechanical properties. Lignin is mainly derived from lignocelluloses as one of the most abundant renewable bioresources. Due to the diversity of lignin sources and the complexity as well as heterogeneity of its structure, the value of lignin has not been fully realized. Herein, we report the utilization of industrial alkali lignin for the preparation of low-carbon and environmentally friendly bio-based epoxy thermosetting materials. Specifically, epoxidized lignin with substituted petroleum-based chemical bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in various proportions was cross-linked to fabricate thermosetting epoxies. The cured thermosetting resin revealed enhanced tensile strength (4.6 MPa) and elongation (315.5%) in comparison with the common BADGE polymers. Overall, this work provides a practicable approach for lignin valorization toward tailored sustainable bioplastics in the context of a circular bioeconomy.