Exploring metal-organic frameworks in battery electrodes, separators, and electrolytes: A comprehensive review

As environmental challenges continue to escalate, the importance of energy storage development has never been greater. The design and advancement of high-performance batteries are now essential to meet the demands of modern society. However, existing battery substrates are inadequate for the production of next-generation batteries. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a novel class of multifunctional materials that offer significant advantages as battery substrates, including high specific surface area, exceptional porosity, and customizable properties. This review comprehensively examines the applications of various MOF substrates in the three critical components of battery technology: electrodes, separators, and electrolytes. It delves into innovative application strategies for MOF substrates, emphasizing their transformative potential in enhancing battery performance. Notably, this article addresses a significant gap in the literature, as it is the first review to systematically explore the application of MOF materials across all three battery components. Furthermore, we discuss unresolved challenges and outline future development prospects for MOF substrates in the battery sector, paving the way for their integration into sustainable energy solutions.