3D-structured photodetectors based on 2D materials

The progressive reduction in feature size presents significant challenges such as crosstalk, heat dissipation, and high-power consumption, which impede the advancement of Moore's Law. To overcome the limitations of silicon materials, it is crucial to identify subsequent iterations of innovative semiconductor materials or alternative structures. The integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials and three-dimensional (3D) structures offers a promising platform for exploring novel photodetectors and alternative pathways toward “More than Moore” technologies. In this study, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the underlying mechanisms governing the formation of diverse 3D structures, along with their corresponding preparation methodologies. We focus our evaluation on the distinctive optical properties arising from the incorporation of a self-rolled-up 3D structure into 2D materials and heterojunctions photodetector. Finally, we address some of the challenges and outlook that persist in the development and application of 3D-structured photodetectors based on 2D materials.