Appropriate crop rotation alleviates continuous cropping barriers by changing rhizosphere microorganisms in Panax notoginseng

Crop rotation is the most sustainable way to solve the CCO which is the main problem restricting the development of Chinese herbal medicine . In this study, we used Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology to study the effects of different interval years on rhizosphere microorganisms of Panax notoginseng at 1, 2 and 3 years intervals. The results showed that the number of beneficial bacteria increased while the pathogenic bacteria decreased during crop rotation. We also found that choosing the suitable crop is more effective than extending the rotation cycle duration. Phylogenetic analysis results showed that the preceding crop plays a decisive role in the rotation. Indicator, Random forest and Network all showed that crop rotation is to increase Trichoderma to combat CCOs. Our study indicated that job's tears is more suitable as the preceding crop of P. notoginseng . T. asperellum play a key role in crop rotation. • Coix Seed is more suitable as the previous crop of P. notoginseng . • Rational selection of crop rotation is more effective than extending the rotation time. • The previous crop will play a decisive role in the entire crop rotation system. • Crop rotation may alleviate the continuous cropping obstacle by increasing the number of antagonists (Trichoderma-Asperellum).