石墨烯
剥脱关节
石墨
材料科学
拉曼光谱
纳米技术
氧化石墨烯纸
吸收(声学)
碳纳米管
化学工程
产量(工程)
X射线光电子能谱
复合材料
光学
物理
工程类
作者
Yenny Hernández,Valeria Nicolosi,Mustafa Lotya,Fiona M. Blighe,Zhenyu Sun,Sourya Joyee De,I.T. McGovern,B. N. Holland,Michele T. Byrne,Yurii K. Gun’ko,John J. Boland,Peter Niraj,Georg S. Duesberg,S. Krishnamurthy,Robbie Goodhue,J. L. Hutchison,Vittorio Scardaci,Andrea C. Ferrari,Jonathan N. Coleman
标识
DOI:10.1038/nnano.2008.215
摘要
Graphene is at the centre of nanotechnology research. In order to fully exploit its outstanding properties, a mass production method is necessary. Two main routes are possible: large-scale growth or large-scale exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate graphene dispersions with concentrations up to ~0.01 mg/ml by dispersion and exfoliation of graphite in organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone. This occurs because the energy required to exfoliate graphene is balanced by the solvent-graphene interaction for solvents whose surface energy matches that of graphene. We confirm the presence of individual graphene sheets with yields of up to 12% by mass, using absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The absence of defects or oxides is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron, infra-red and Raman spectroscopies. We can produce conductive, semi-transparent films and conductive composites. Solution processing of graphene opens up a whole range of potential large-scale applications from device or sensor fabrication to liquid phase chemistry.
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