Progress on anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies therapy for migraine

Migraine is a common and highly disabling primary headache, imposing a heavy disease and economic burden worldwide. Although various traditional oral prophylactic medications exist, their limited efficacy and frequent adverse reactions lead to poor patient adherence, resulting in a large unmet clinical need. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays a core role in the initiation and development of migraine, and monoclonal antibodies targeting the CGRP pathway offer a novel option for migraine prophylaxis. This review aims to systematically summarize the latest research advances of anti-CGRP and anti-CGRP receptor monoclonal antibodies in the preventive treatment of migraine, covering their mechanisms of action, key clinical trial evidence, real-world applications, safety profiles, and health economic value, so as to provide clinicians and related professionals with a comprehensive, up-to-date evidence-based reference.