In Silico Development of Novel Chimeric Lysins with Highly Specific Inhibition against Salmonella by Computer-Aided Design

Four novel chimeric lysins (P361, P362, P371, and P372), which were the fusion of Salmonella phage lysins and novel antimicrobial peptide LeuA-P, were obtained using bioinformatics analysis and in silico design. The recombinant chimeric lysins were expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) strain and showed highly specific inhibition against Salmonella. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of P362 and P372 to S. typhi CMCC 50071 were 8 and 16 μg/mL, respectively. Both 1 × MIC P362 and P372 could increase the outer membrane permeability and cleave the cell wall peptidoglycan, causing the leakage of intracellular nucleic acids and proteins and ultimately killing Salmonella efficiently without drug resistance. The combination of P362, P372, and potassium sorbate reduced more than 3 log CFU/g counts of microorganisms in contaminated chilled chicken and extended the shelf life by 7 days. The strategy of antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-lysin chimera inspired the inability of phage lysin to specifically inhibit Gram-negative bacteria with dense outer membranes in vitro.