自愈水凝胶
材料科学
极限抗拉强度
韧性
复合材料
制作
3D打印
机械强度
生物医学工程
纳米技术
高分子化学
医学
替代医学
病理
作者
Yifu Chu,Xiaoyi Lan,Peineng Zhu,Tao Zhang,Zhiyao Ma,Adetola B. Adesida,Hongbo Zeng,Lingyun Chen
出处
期刊:Small methods
[Wiley]
日期:2025-05-20
卷期号:9 (7): e2402103-e2402103
被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1002/smtd.202402103
摘要
Granular hydrogels are a promising class of 3D-printable inks but often suffer from low printing resolution due to large microgel sizes (>100 µm) and weak mechanical performance from lower packing density. To overcome these limitations, a novel whey protein microgels-based granular hydrogel (WMGH) is developed, consisting of uniform, size-controllable microgels (1, 6, and 20 µm) via protein-polysaccharide segregative phase separation. The smaller microgels enable WMGH to stretch like continuous liquid inks by adjusting printing speed and pressure, achieving high-resolution 3D-printing (200 µm) with minimal ink spreading (≈5%) using a 25G nozzle (260 µm). This allows the fabrication of intricate structures like human ear and aortic valve models. Incorporating a polyacrylamide (PAM) second percolating network transforms WMGH inks into double-network hydrogels (DN-WMGH), showing up to 36 fold increase in toughness (1.45 MJ m- 3) compared to PAM hydrogels. Controlling microgel size provides a new approach for tailoring mechanical strength (6-300 kPa) while maintaining durability, exhibiting full recovery after 100 tensile cycles at 100% strain. DN-WMGH from biopolymers demonstrated good compatibility. This high-resolution 3D-printing of robust DN-WMGH replicates the mechanical properties of various tissues, from brain (<10 kPa) to intestine (≈300 kPa), demonstrating new possibilities for tissue-mimicking applications in surgical training, implantable devices, and drug-delivery systems.
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