Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Bupleurum in Medical Treatment: A Comprehensive Overview

Bupleurum is a Chinese medicinal material widely used in clinical practice. Its medicinal component is the dried roots of either the Umbrella plant Bupleurum chinense DC or Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd. This review systematically searched major scientific databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, and found that it contains various bioactive substances including saikosaponins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and volatile oils. These components have demonstrated significant efficacy in anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. Research has confirmed that this medicinal herb can exert its pharmacological effects by promoting tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, regulating inflammatory signaling pathways, and alleviating neuroinflammation. Additionally, its antipyretic and antiviral properties have also garnered widespread attention. However, clinical data regarding its optimal dosage, administration routes, and safety are still insufficient, necessitating further trials for validation. Investigating the synergistic effects of Bupleurum with other drugs and the safety of its use in different populations are also key directions of current research. Given the urgent need for efficient and sustainable healthcare in modern society, a deep understanding of the mechanisms and safety of Bupleurum is of significant importance for its validation as a foundation for new drug development. In summary, Bupleurum, as a multifunctional natural product, has broad application prospects and is expected to play a greater role in future medical research and clinical practice.