Genome-wide identification of the Protein Arginine Methyltransferase (PRMT) gene family and functional exploration of GhPRMT5 in cotton

棉属 棉籽 基因 精氨酸 基因家族 生物 巴巴多斯棉 脂肪酸 油酸 生物化学 亚油酸 蛋白质家族 脂质代谢 脂肪酸代谢 肉豆蔻酸 基因表达 芝麻 转甲基 棉酚 异源表达 生物合成 饱和脂肪酸 赖氨酸 多不饱和脂肪酸 亚科 氨基酸 代谢途径
作者
Bing Jia,Pan Feng,Hongyuan Xi,Weixiao Zhao,Jikun Song,Jianjiang Ma,Wenfeng Pei,BingBing Zhang,Li Wang,Jie Gao,Jian (Professor of biology) Zhang,Siqi Chen,Quanjia Chen,Man Wu,JiWen Yu
出处
期刊:Plant Physiology and Biochemistry [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:232: 111075-111075
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111075
摘要

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is a major global oilseed crop, ranking sixth in production worldwide and fifth in China. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze arginine methylation, playing pivotal roles in DNA repair in Gossypium. However, their functions in cotton lipid metabolism remain unexplored. In this study, we identified 7, 9, 24, and 32 PRMT genes in Gossypium arboreum, Gossypium raimondii, Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into 7 distinct clades, with structural conservation suggesting functional preservation during cotton evolution. Collinearity analysis indicated segmental duplication as a major driver of PRMT family expansion. Expression profiling revealed significantly divergent expression patterns of GhPRMT5 between high-oil and low-oil cotton accessions, particularly during the critical oil accumulation phase. Heterologous expression in yeast showed that GhPRMT5 overexpression significantly increased total lipid content by 14.13 % (p < 0.05), providing direct evidence for its role in promoting lipid biosynthesis. At the same time, GhPRMT5-silenced lines also exhibited a 15.3 % reduction in cottonseed oil content, with significant alterations in fatty acid composition: saturated fatty acids (e.g., myristic acid [C14:0] and stearic acid [C18:0]) increased by 22.67 % and 26.84 %, respectively, whereas unsaturated fatty acids showed elevated oleic acid (C18:1, +20.90 %) and reduced linoleic acid (C18:2, -8.88 %) (p < 0.01).These results not only confirm the critical role of GhPRMT5 in regulating cottonseed oil accumulation but also reveal its role in modulating fatty acid composition. We are the first to report the connection between the PRMT family and lipid biosynthesis in cotton, and our findings provide novel genetic targets for improving cottonseed oil yield and nutritional quality, offering potential applications in industrial oilseed crop breeding.
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