Progress in silicon/carbon based negative electrode materials by CVD method for Li-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries have been a crucial and indispensable energy storage system in the energy technology. Developing Li-ion batteries with high energy density，extended cycle life，and cost-effectiveness is a central challenge. Silicon material，distinguished by its impressive theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh·g-1 and low price，has emerged as a promising candidate for negative electrode material. However，its substantial volume expansion，reaching up to 300% during charging and discharging cycles，poses a formidable commercial hurdle. To date，three generations of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials have undergone iterative development. This review focuses on three generations of silicon-carbon negative electrode materials fabricated via the CVD method. The material structure design，experimental methodologies，reaction mechanisms，and material properties are analyzed. The strengths and weaknesses of these three generations of preparation techniques are summarized，and insights into the future direction of silicon-carbon negative electrodes in Li-ion batteries are provided.