Design of an Intelligent Rice Seedling Greenhouse Environmental Control System: A Solution Based on STM32

Addressing the issues of low efficiency and insufficient precision in manual environmental control within traditional rice seedling greenhouse systems, this study designed an intelligent environmental monitoring and control system based on an STM32 microcontroller. The system integrates temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, and soil temperature/humidity modules to collect core environmental parameters in real time. Data is transmitted wirelessly over short distances via a Bluetooth module using a serial protocol. Combining threshold control algorithms with moving average filtering technology, the system drives LED supplemental lighting and DC fans to achieve dynamic environmental regulation. Experimental validation demonstrates satisfactory performance in temperature control error, humidity response time, and light intensity regulation accuracy. Deployment costs per greenhouse are relatively low, indicating good engineering application value.