Efficacy of Combination Oclacitinib and Lokivetmab Therapies After Monotherapeutic Failure in 44 Dogs: A Retrospective Study

BACKGROUND: Oclacitinib and lokivetmab are generally effective monotherapies for the treatment of canine allergic dermatitis yet treatment failures may occur. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of the combination of oclacitinib-lokivetmab therapy (COLT) in dogs that previously failed monotherapy. ANIMALS: Forty-four client-owned dogs diagnosed with allergic dermatitis that did not respond to both oclacitinib and lokivetmab as monotherapies were then treated with COLT. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of 44 (61.4%) dogs responded adequately to COLT based on a ≥ 2 cm reduction in the pruritus Visual Analog Scale (pVAS) score from baseline and client/clinician consensus on improvement. In dogs that responded, the mean pVAS for monotherapy (oclacitinib and lokivetmab group data combined) was 6.87 of 10 and fell to 2.67 of 10 after COLT (61.1% decrease; p < 0.0001). No adverse effects were noted with COLT. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study suggests that in dogs not adequately responsive to oclacitinib or lokivetmab monotherapy, COLT may provide superior control of pruritus.