The fermentation optimization of Sr18(Syncephalastrum racemosum) nematicidal metabolites was carried out in the scale of 30 L fermenter according to the optimal culture conditions in the shake flask and 5 L fermenter.The optimum fermentation conditions for Sr18 in the scale of 30 L fermenter was determined as follows: the seeds were cultured in the stationary condition for 24 h,inoculum volume fraction was 4%,ventilation was 1∶0.35—1.0 and dissolved oxygen(DO) was controlled among 20%—30%,fermentation period was about 48 h.The nematicidal mortality of one time diluted solution reached 95% with above conditions.