It is of great importance to determine the dimensions of working operation in making mechanical processing procedure. When process reference is coincident with the design reference, anti-derivation principle is used to determine process dimension according to the process allowance and economy precision. While process reference is not coincident with the design reference, it is needed to use the principle of dimension chain to calculate the dimensions of working operations. In this paper, combined with the machining of gear hole, a new method of analyzing and calculating the process dimension chains is discussed in details.