Regulation of immune response and inflammation in tumor microenvironment

Immune response and inflammation composes two cores of tumor microenvironment.However the relationship between them remains elusive.Studies corroborate the idea that the mission of myeloid derived suppressor cells(MDSCs) and regulatory T cells(Tregs) that migrate to tumor sites is to suppress inflammation rather than mediate tumor immune evasion.Mast cells,however,mediate the crosstalk of immune response and inflammation by regulating MDSCs and Tregs.In addition,Toll-like signaling,as the basic signaling pathway in tumor microenvironment,may directly regulate immune response and inflammation,maintaining inflammatory homeostasis through microparticle pathways.Despite the very complex relationship between immune response and inflammation,we suggest that antitumor immune response and inflammation are negatively correlated and time dependent.At the early stage of tumor,antitumor immune responses are dominant.Later,the bias favors inflammation in tumor microenvironment.