Porous Organic Polymers Containing Active Metal Centers as Catalysts for Synthetic Organic Chemistry

Porous organic polymers (POPs) containing catalytically active mononuclear metal centers can bridge the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. These materials offer catalysts with straightforward control over the active site analogously to homogeneous organometallic catalysts; however, just like classical heterogeneous catalysts, they are easy to separate from reaction mixtures and recycle. The main objective of this Review is to provide an overview of the different types of reactions for synthetic organic chemistry where metal-POP catalysts have been utilized. In addition, a brief description of different synthesis strategies for accessing metal-POPs is included. We also propose a uniform naming system for metal-POP catalysts. Finally, current challenges that could advance the field and facilitate industrial application are discussed.