Steel corrosion and service life of reinforced concrete structures

This paper illustrates the mechanisms of corrosion of steel in concrete, and analyses its influence on the service life of reinforced concrete structures. Even though other types of corrosion are mentioned, attention is focused on the effects of carbonation and chloride penetration. Factors affecting the time to corrosion initiation are described with regards to both concrete properties and environmental exposure conditions. Propagation of corrosion and its consequences on the serviceability and performance of the structures are illustrated. Approaches for the design of durable reinforced concrete structures, as well as options available to increase the service life of structures exposed to aggressive environments, are described.