Wake model of floating offshore wind farms considering platform motion

As floating offshore wind farms develop, platform motions induced by wind-wave loads become significant, leading to complex and unsteady wakes that traditional fixed-bottom wind turbine wake models cannot accurately capture. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a wake model for floating offshore wind farms incorporating platform motions. Targeting surge, heave, and pitch motions of floating turbines under wind-wave environments, a three-dimensional Gaussian analytical wake model is derived based on mass and momentum conservation laws. The model quantifies the individual effects of the three motions on wake velocity deficit, wake center displacement, and turbulence expansion. Systematic validation is conducted using wind tunnel experiments under low-turbulence, pure-pitch conditions. Results show that the model achieves good accuracy in both near-wake and far-wake regions, with significantly improved accuracy compared to other models. The model is computationally efficient, requiring only a short time for a single cross-section evaluation and fast execution for parametric sweeps. Qualitative analyses reveal the mechanisms: heave induces vertical translation of the wake center, pitch causes progressively increasing downstream deflection, and surge modulates inflow velocity. The proposed model serves as an efficient and accurate engineering tool for layout optimization and active wake control of floating wind farms.