闪烁
闪烁体
发光
激子
热化
电子
半导体
激发
原子物理学
吸收(声学)
俘获
材料科学
光电子学
放松(心理学)
辐射传输
载流子
不透明度
物理
光学
核物理学
凝聚态物理
探测器
生物
社会心理学
量子力学
生态学
心理学
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.009
摘要
The physical mechanisms active in inorganic scintillators used for medical imaging are reviewed briefly. These include relaxation of electronic excitation following initial absorption of high-energy radiation, thermalization of electrons and holes, formation of excitons , charge carrier trapping on defects and self-trapping, transfer of excitation to luminescence centers, and emission of detectable light. Materials include intrinsic and activated insulating crystals and semiconductors involving several different luminescent centers and radiative processes. Fundamental limitations of scintillator performance and nonradiative processes arising from native defects and impurities that can limit scintillation light output are discussed. The properties of several recently reported scintillating crystals are also presented.
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