Discuss on the method of adjusting the inflatable pressure of pressure sore air cushion bed based on patients' BMI

Objective To verify the validity of standard air cushion inflation method, and to explore the relationship between patients' body mass index (BMI) and the optimal air cushion inflation pressure. Methods A total of 90 orthopedic patients who were treated in Liangxiang Hospital of Fangshan District in Beijing from June 2017 to March 2018 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 45 cases in each group. The control group used air cushion bed routinely according to the experience of nurses, while the observation group used standard air cushion bed inflation method according to previous research. Comparing the skin pressure and the feeling of using the mattress softness and hardness between the two groups, and analyzing the relationship between the pressure value of the mattress and the BMI of the patients in the observation group, the regression equation was obtained. Results The local skin redness rate of the observation group was 4.4%, 2.2% and 4.4% after 2, 48 and 72 hours of using air cushion mattress, which was lower than that of the control group 22.2%, 31.1% and 33.3%. The result was statistically significant (P<0.01) . Within 72 hours, the satisfaction degree of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) . The BMI of the patients in the observation group was linearly correlated with the optimal air cushion pressure (R2=0.962) . The air cushion pressure (kpa) =3.835+BMI×0.379. Conclusions Reasonable adjustment of the pressure of the air cushion bed can improve the effect of using air cushion bed. The method of adjusting the pressure of the air cushion bed based on patient BMI is convenient for nurses to master and operate. Key words: Pressure injury; Pressure sore; Body mass index; Air cushion bed; Correlation analysis