糖尿病
2型糖尿病
细胞外小泡
医学
疾病
病态的
2型糖尿病
内科学
内分泌学
肥胖
生物信息学
生物
细胞生物学
作者
Nicole Noren Hooten,Michele K. Evans
出处
期刊:American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology
[American Physiological Society]
日期:2020-06-01
卷期号:318 (6): C1189-C1199
被引量:54
标识
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00536.2019
摘要
Diabetes mellitus type 2, a chronic metabolic disease, has globally increased in incidence and prevalence throughout the lifespan due to the rise in obesity and sedentary lifestyle. The end-organ cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects of diabetes mellitus result in significant morbidity and mortality that increases with age. Thus, it is crucial to fully understand how molecular mechanisms are influenced by diabetes mellitus and may influence the development of end-organ complications. Circulating factors are known to play important physiological and pathological roles in diabetes. Recent data have implicated extracellular vesicles (EVs) as being circulating mediators in type 2 diabetes. These small lipid-bound vesicles are released by cells into the circulation and can carry functional cargo, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, to neighboring cells or between tissues. In this review, we will summarize the current evidence for EVs as promising diagnostic and prognostic factors in diabetes, the mechanisms that drive EV alterations with diabetes, and the role EVs play in the pathology associated with diabetes.
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