Continuing Care Retirement Communities

Continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs), which include multiple levels of care—independent living (IL), assisted living, and skilled nursing living—are a popular housing option for older adults. Most enter CCRCs as IL residents and transition through levels of care as their health status changes. These communities vary by organizational structure, policies, and region. This entry reviews the history and describes commonly cited benefits of CCRCs and investigates whether these claims are supported by current research. Although most IL residents are satisfied and adjust well to their new settings, transitioning between levels of care in CCRCs disrupts community life. Overall, CCRC residents report satisfaction with the amenities and services offered, but use of services varies according to residents' health status and other characteristics. Finally, because CCRCs are rather costly and vary widely in their fee structure, consumers must be educated about contracts and benefits.