An in-depth analysis of green innovation efficiency: New evidence based on club convergence and spatial correlation network

Green innovation is the cornerstone of global economic transformation. Based on the green innovation efficiency calculated under the two-stage innovation process, this paper discusses its convergence and network structure characteristics by applying the club convergence model and social network analysis method. The quadratic assignment procedure approach is employed to analyze the influencing factors. The results reveal that: (1) this paper finds β convergence but not convergence within subgroups based on regional classification. (2) Regarding network correction characteristics, the correlation ties and network density of the green innovation efficiency network demonstrate a downward trend, while the network hierarchy characteristics are still apparent. (3) The regional green innovation efficiency cluster performs different roles, as the core provinces become the beneficiaries of green innovation resources. (4) The differences in regional development and the clustering of block models are unfavorable to the formation of green innovation efficiency networks, while the differences in geographical proximity, green finance, resource environmental carrying capacity, and green innovation R&D efficiency foster the development of the spatial network. This paper contributes to promoting coordinated regional green innovation efficiency development.