Dirac Semimetal Heterojunction Photodetectors: Status and Prospects

Abstract Photodetection technology has garnered extensive research attention due to its wide‐ranging applications in fields such as infrared (IR) imaging, environmental monitoring, and optical communication. Dirac semimetals, characterized by high carrier mobility, zero bandgap, and broad spectral response, show great promise in the development of high‐performance photodetectors. The combination of Dirac semimetals and semiconductors in heterostructures enables broadband photodetection from ultraviolet (UV) to long‐wave infrared (LWIR), offering a new approach to extending the wavelength range of photodetection. This review explores 2D Dirac semimetal/semiconductor heterojunction photodetectors (DSSHP), beginning with an overview of the unique properties of Dirac semimetals. It then discusses various photoresponse mechanisms across different wavelength ranges. Additionally, strategies for enhancing photodetector performance are reviewed and analyzed based on their underlying principles. Finally, the key challenges for Dirac semimetal photodetectors are summarized, and potential future developments are outlined.