利克特量表
样品(材料)
可靠性(半导体)
心理学
考试(生物学)
简单(哲学)
统计
粒度
样本量测定
计量经济学
计算机科学
数据科学
数学
物理
哲学
古生物学
功率(物理)
操作系统
认识论
热力学
生物
量子力学
作者
Nicholas J. L. Brown,James Heathers
标识
DOI:10.7287/peerj.preprints.2064v1
摘要
We present a simple mathematical technique that we call GRIM (Granularity-Related Inconsistency of Means) for verifying the summary statistics of published research reports in psychology. This technique evaluates whether the reported means of integer data such as Likert-type scales are consistent with the given sample size and number of items. We tested this technique with a sample of 260 recent articles in leading journals within empirical psychology. Of the subset of articles that were amenable to testing with the GRIM technique (N = 71), around half (N = 36; 50.7%) appeared to contain at least one reported mean inconsistent with the reported sample sizes and scale characteristics, and more than 20% (N = 16) contained multiple such inconsistencies. We requested the data sets corresponding to 21 of these articles, receiving positive responses in 9 cases. We were able to confirm the presence of at least one reporting error in all cases, with 2 articles requiring extensive corrections. The implications for the reliability and replicability of empirical psychology are discussed.
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