Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment for Foley catheterization and exelcymosis failure.Methods Causes and treatments of 177 cases of Foley catheterization failure and 12 cases of exelcymosis failure from January 2005 to May 2010 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed and some prospective treatment measures were proposed.Results 177 cases had Foley catheterization failure for the first time due to various causes,and 168 cases were succeeded in inserting Foley catheter after appropriate treatment.9 cases were performed cystostomy.Foley catheters of 12 cases that had Foley exelcymosis failure were all pulled out with proper measures.Conclusion Analyzing the causes and measures of Foley catheter insertion and removing failure is beneficial to the success rate of urethral catheterization and catheter exelcymosis,and is helpful to deal with urinary retention and other issues timely and accurately.