Degradation process and integrated treatment of "black soil beach" grassland in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers

The degradation situation of grassland is serious in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers. Over-grazing is the main reason and rodent destruction is the key reason to this situation. Climate change accelerates the grassland degradation. The degraded trend of black soil beach grassland is no-degradation, lightly degradation, medium degradation, heavy degradation, and extremely degradation. The degraded grassland should begin to lighten stocking rate to prevent more degradation. Different treatments have been carried out to different degraded grassland with control strategies such as fencing way, weed control and fertilizing. At the same time, Law and Responsibility System of Repaying Contract of Grassland should be carried out drastically in alpine pasturing area. The grassland should be utilized and constructed well, especially in Winter-Spring grassland. Enough fund should be increased to degraded grassland. The cultural level of herdsman should be improved and person with ability also should be trained. All these will contribute to restoration and treatment of black soil beach grassland and to the sustainable development of grassland husbandry in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers.