Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Nucleic Acids

Abstract This chapter elucidates the extracellular and intracellular barriers that lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encounter after systemic administration. Understanding the challenges in the delivery will lead to a rational design of novel lipid molecules or nanometric devices that could address these challenges. A bottom‐up strategy is also provided in this chapter to identify the latest progression in lipid component development in the LNPs, andvarious formulations that were exploited to encapsulate nucleic acid for successful in vivo delivery are compared. The nucleic acids in this review include pDNA, siRNA, and antisense oligonucleotide (ODN), which serveeither for gain of function or for loss of function to treat various diseases.