Synthesis and characterization of cationic modified starch grafted acrylic acid-based absorbent resin dust suppressant

In this paper, corn starch was used as the base material, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was used as a cationic surfactant to modify it. Subsequently, acrylic acid was then used as the primary raw material, and through the combined action of potassium persulfate and N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, a cationic modified starch grafted acrylic-based water-absorbent resin dust suppressant (CACS) is synthesized via graft polymerization. During the preparation process, the water absorption performance is employed as the key indicator to optimize the process parameters: the degree of neutralization of acrylic acid is set at 50%, the corn starch dosage is 10 wt%, the volume ratio of CHPTA to acrylic acid is 1:20, the initiator concentration is 0.5 wt%, the coupling agent concentration is 0.1 wt%, and the reaction temperature is maintained at 65 °C. Under these conditions, the water absorption performance of CACS reaches 394.43 g/g. The water absorption and retention properties of the resin are evaluated, and its structure and morphology are characterized using FT-IR, SEM, TG, XRD, and other analytical techniques to validate the effectiveness of the preparation method. Furthermore, samples are prepared into solutions of varying concentrations and sprayed onto the loess surface to assess their dust suppression performance. The results indicate that the soil sample treated with a dust suppressant concentration of 0.25 wt% exhibits a wind erosion resistance rate of 99.58% at a wind speed of 12 m/s and an evaporation resistance rate of 48.28% at a high temperature of 50 °C.