Efficient Peroxymonosulfate Activation over Cobalt-Encapsulated Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Hollow Nanospheres toward Tetracycline Degradation: Performance and Catalytic Mechanism

leaching, indicating superior recyclability. Chemical analysis and DFT calculation revealed that PMS adsorption and activation could be strengthened by modulating the electron density with Co and N serving as the active sites. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the incorporation of metal sites on N-doped carbonaceous catalysts for Fenton-like reactions in water purification applications.